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SOLAR/1040-79/01
Monthly
Performance
Report
SADDLE HILL TRUST
LOT 77
JANUARY 1979
U.S. Department of Energy
National Solar Heating and
Cooling Demonstration Program
National Solar Data Program
NOTICE
This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States
Government. Neither the United States nor the United States Department of Energy, nor
any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors, or their employees,
make any warranty, express or implied, or assume any legal liability or responsibility for
the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product or
process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.
MONTHLY PERFORMANCE REPORT
SADDLE HILL TRUST
LOT 77
JANUARY 1979
I. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Saddle Hill Trust Lot 77 is a single-family residence in Medway, Massachusetts.
Solar energy is used for preheating incoming city water. The system has an
array of flat-plate collectors with a gross area of 78 square feet. The array
faces south at an angle of 38 degrees to the horizontal. Air is used as the
medium for delivering solar energy from the collector array to an air- to-
liquid heat exchanger located in the collector air duct. Water is the medium
used to transport solar energy from the heat exchanger to storage. Solar
energy is stored in the basement in a 120-gallon preheat storage tank. This
preheated city water is supplied, on demand, to a conventional 40-gallon
domestic-hot-water (DHW) tank. When solar energy is insufficient to satisfy
the hot water requirements, the gas-driven DHW heater provides auxiliary
energy for water heating. The system, shown schematically in Figure 1, has
two modes of solar operation.
Mode 1 - Collector-to-Storage : This mode activates when the difference be-
tween the temperature of the collector air and the temperature of the water in
the preheat tank exceeds 40°F and the temperature of the water in the tank is
below 140°F. Both the fan and pump go on. This mode continues until the
temperature difference drops to 20°F.
Mode 2 - Storage- to-Space Heating : This mode activates when there is a demand
for hot water. Hot water from the top of the preheat tank is transferred to
the DHW tank to replace water removed. Simultaneously, city water is automatically
supplied to the preheat tank.
II. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
INTRODUCTION
The site was occupied in January and the solar energy system operated contin-
uously during the month. Solar energy satisfied 17 percent of the DHW require-
ments. The solar energy system provided a fossil fuel energy savings of 0.46
million Btu and incurred an electrical energy expense of 0.050 million Btu.
WEATHER CONDITIONS
During the month, total incident solar energy on the collector array was
1.6 million Btu for a daily average of 671 Btu per square foot. This was
below the estimated average daily solar radiation for this geographical area
during January of 796 Btu per square foot for a south-facing plane with a
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tilt of 38 degrees to the horizontal. The average ambient temperature during
January was 29°F and was equal to the long-term average for January.
THERMAL PERFORMANCE
System - During January the solar energy system performed somewhat better than
expected. The expected performance was determined from a modified f -chart
analysis using measured weather and the DHW subsystem load as inputs. Solar
energy collected was 0.36 million Btu versus an estimated 0.21 million Btu.
Solar energy used by the system was estimated by assuming that all energy
collected would be applied to the load. Actual solar energy used was 0.32
million Btu. System total solar fraction was 17 percent versus an estimated
9 percent.
Collector - The total incident solar radiation on the collector array for the
month of January was 1.6 million Btu. During the period the collector loop
was operating, the total insolation amounted to 1.2 million Btu. The total
collected solar energy for the month of January was 0.36 million Btu, result-
ing in a collector array efficiency of 22 percent, based on total incident
insolation. Operating energy required by the collector loop was 0.050 million
Btu.
DHW Load - The DHW subsystem consumed 0.32 million Btu of solar energy and
3.3 million Btu of auxiliary fossil fuel energy to satisfy a hot water load
of 1.8 million Btu. The solar fraction of this load was 17 percent. Losses
from the DHW subsystem were 0.49 million Btu. A daily average of 72 gallons
of DHW was consumed at an average temperature of 146°F delivered from the
tank.
OBSERVATIONS
A portion of the 0.49 million Btu loss in the DHW subsystem was probably used
to maintain a relatively high temperature in the DHW tank.
ENERGY SAVINGS
The solar energy system incurred an electrical energy expense of 0.05 million
Btu and provided a fossil fuel energy savings of 0.46 million Btu.
III. ACTION STATUS
No action is required at this time.
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